Umoya ngumthombo wamandla omtsha othembisayo, owaqala ekuqaleni kwenkulungwane ye-18
Kwabakho isaqhwithi esinamandla kulo lonke elaseNgilani naseFransi, sitshabalalisa amaziko omoya angama-400, izindlu ezingama-800, iicawa ezili-100 nezikhephe ezingaphezu kwama-400.Amawakawaka abantu enzakala kwaye imithi emikhulu engama-250000 yancothulwa.Ngokuphathelele umbandela wokuncothula imithi kuphela, umoya ukhuphe amandla anamandla amahashe azizigidi ezili-10 (oko kukuthi i-7.5 million kilowatts; ihashe elinye lilingana ne-0.75 kilowatts) ngemizuzwana nje embalwa!Abanye abantu baqikelele ukuba imithombo yomoya ekhoyo yokuvelisa amandla eMhlabeni imalunga ne-10 leebhiliyoni zeekhilowathi, phantse izihlandlo ezili-10 kumandla ombane akhoyo ngoku wehlabathi.Okwangoku, amandla afunyanwa ekutshisweni kwamalahle kwihlabathi jikelele minyaka le sisinye kwisithathu samandla abonelelwa ngamandla omoya kwisithuba sonyaka.Ngoko ke, ngaphakathi nangaphandle kugxininisa ukubaluleka okukhulu ekusebenziseni amandla omoya ukuvelisa amandla kunye nokuphuhlisa imithombo yamandla emitsha.
Iinzame zokuvelisa amandla omoya zaqala kwasekuqaleni kwenkulungwane yama-20.Ngeminyaka yoo-1930, iDenmark, iSweden, iSoviet Union, kunye neUnited States zasebenzisa ubuchwepheshe berotor ukusuka kushishino lwenqwelomoya ukuphuhlisa ngempumelelo amaziko amancinci omoya.Olu hlobo lwe-injini yomoya encinci lusetyenziswa kakhulu kwiziqithi ezinomoya kunye nakwiilali ezikude, kwaye iindleko zayo zamandla ziphantsi kakhulu kuneendleko zombane ngomthombo weenjini ezincinci zokutsha zangaphakathi.Nangona kunjalo, ukuveliswa kombane ngelo xesha kwakuphantsi, ubukhulu becala ngaphantsi kwe-5 kilowatts.
Sivelise i-15, 40, 45100225 kilowatts yee-injini zomoya.NgoJanuwari 1978, iUnited States yakha i-200 kilowatt turbine yomoya eClayton, eNew Mexico, enobubanzi obuziimitha ezingama-38 kunye namandla awoneleyo okuvelisa umbane kumakhaya angama-60.Ekuqaleni kwehlobo lowe-1978, isixhobo sokuvelisa amandla omoya saqalisa ukusebenza kunxweme olukwintshona yeJutland, eDenmark, savelisa iikhilowathi ezingama-2000 zombane.Umatshini womoya wawuziimitha ezingama-57 ukuphakama.I-75% yombane owenziweyo wathunyelwa kwiziko lombane, waza omnye wabonelelwa kwisikolo esikufutshane.
Kwisiqingatha sokuqala sowe-1979, iUnited States yakha esona sixhobo sokusila somoya sikhulu ehlabathini sokuvelisa umbane kwiiNtaba zeBlue Ridge kuMntla Carolina.Lo matshini womoya unemigangatho elishumi ubude, kwaye ububanzi bamagqabi ayo entsimbi buziimitha ezingama-60;Iiblades zifakwe kwisakhiwo esinesakhiwo senqaba, ngoko i-windmill inokujikeleza ngokukhululekileyo kwaye ifumane umbane kuyo nayiphi na indlela;Xa isantya somoya singaphezulu kweekhilomitha ezingama-38 ngeyure, amandla okuvelisa amandla nawo angafikelela kuma-2000 eekhilowathi.Ngenxa yomlinganiselo wesantya somoya oziikhilomitha ezingama-29 kuphela ngeyure kulo mmandla usezintabeni, umatshini womoya awukwazi ukuhamba ngokupheleleyo.Kuqikelelwa ukuba nangona isebenza kuphela isiqingatha sonyaka, inokuhlangabezana ne-1% ukuya kwi-2% yeemfuno zombane zamacandelo asixhenxe eNorth Carolina.
Ixesha lokuposa: Jul-06-2023
