Injini ejikelezayo

Kukho iintlobo ezininzi zoomatshini bombane abajikelezayo.Ngokwemisebenzi yabo, zahlulwe zaba ziijeneretha kunye neenjini.Ngokobume bombane, bohlulwe kwiinjini ze-DC kunye neenjini ze-AC.Ngokwezakhiwo zabo, zohlulwe kwiimotor ezihambelanayo kunye neemotor ze-asynchronous.Ngokwenani lezigaba, ii-motor ze-asynchronous zinokwahlulwa zibe ziimotor ze-asynchronous phase ezintathu kunye ne-single-phase-motor asynchronous motors;ngokwezakhiwo zabo ezahlukeneyo ze-rotor, zihlulwe zibe yi-cage kunye neentlobo ze-rotor zenxeba.Phakathi kwazo, i-cage yesigaba sesithathu se-asynchronous motors ilula kwisakhiwo kwaye yenziwe.Ukulungeleka, ixabiso eliphantsi, ukusebenza okuthembekileyo, eyona nto isetyenziswa kakhulu kwiinjini ezahlukeneyo, eyona mfuno inkulu.Ukukhuselwa kombane ojikelezayo koomatshini bombane (ijeneretha, ukulungelelanisa iikhamera, iimoto ezinkulu, njl.) Kunzima kakhulu kunoko-transformers, kwaye izinga lengozi yombane lihlala liphezulu kunelo liguquguqukayo.Oku kungenxa yokuba umatshini wombane ojikelezayo uneempawu ezithile ezahlukileyo kwi-transformer ngokubhekiselele kwisakhiwo se-insulation, ukusebenza kunye nokulungelelaniswa kwe-insulation.
(1) Phakathi kwezixhobo zombane zomgangatho ofanayo wombane, amandla okumelana nomgangatho wombane wokugquma kumatshini wombane ojikelezayo yeyona iphantsi.
Isizathu sesi: ①I-motor ine-rotor ejikelezayo enesantya esiphezulu, ngoko ke inokusebenzisa i-slid medium, kwaye ayinakukwazi ukusebenzisa i-oyile eqinileyo (i-oyile ye-transformer) idibaniso ephakathi edityanisiweyo njenge-transformer: ngexesha lenkqubo yokuvelisa, indawo eqinileyo yonakaliswa ngokulula. , kunye ne-insulation yi-Voids okanye izikhewu zivame ukwenzeka, ngoko ke ukukhutshwa kwenxalenye kuyenzeka ukuba kwenzeke ngexesha lokusebenza, okukhokelela ekuthotyweni kwe-insulation;②Iimeko zokusebenza zokugqunywa kwemoto zezona ziqatha, zixhomekeke kwiziphumo ezidityanisiweyo zobushushu, ukungcangcazela koomatshini, ukufuma emoyeni, ungcoliseko, uxinzelelo lombane, njl. njl. , Isantya sokuguga siyakhawuleza;③Intsimi yombane yesakhiwo sokugquma kwemoto siyafana, kwaye i-coefficient yayo yempembelelo isondele kwi-1. Amandla ombane phantsi kokugqithiswa kwe-overvoltage lelona khonkco libuthathaka.Ke ngoko, i-voltage elinganisiweyo kunye nenqanaba le-insulation yemoto ayinakuba phezulu kakhulu.
(2) Umbane oshiyekileyo wesibambisi sombane osetyenziselwa ukukhusela i-motor ejikelezayo usondele kakhulu kumandla ombane wokumelana nenjini, kwaye umda wokugquma umncinci.
Umzekelo, umbane womzi-mveliso wokumelana nexabiso lovavanyo lombane wejenereyitha kuphela ngama-25% ukuya kuma-30% aphezulu kunexabiso le-3kA elishiyekileyo lamandla ombane we-zinc oxide arrester, kwaye umda we-magnetic evuthelwe ukubamba incinci, kwaye umda wokugquma uya kuba ngezantsi njengoko i-generator ibaleka.Ngoko ke, akwanele ukuba i-motor ikhuselwe ngumbambeli wombane.Kufuneka ikhuselwe ngokudibanisa i-capacitors, i-reactors, kunye namacandelo ekhebula.
(3) I-inter-turn insulation ifuna ukuba umnqantsa we-wave engenelelayo ulinganiselwe ngokungqongqo.
Ngenxa yokuba i-inter-turn capacitance ye-motor winding incinci kwaye ayiqhubeki, i-wave overvoltage inokusasaza kuphela kwi-conductor ejikelezayo emva kokuba ingene kwi-motor winding, kwaye ubude bokujika ngakunye bukhulu kakhulu kunobujikelezo be-transformer. , esebenza ngokujika okubini okuyameneyo I-overvoltage ilingana nomnqantsa wamaza angenayo.Ukuze kukhuselwe ukugqunywa kwe-inter-turn ye-motor, ukunyanzeliswa kwe-wave ephazamisayo kufuneka kuthintelwe ngokungqongqo.
Ngamafutshane, iimfuno zokukhusela umbane koomatshini bombane ojikelezayo ziphezulu kwaye zinzima.Kuyimfuneko ukuqwalasela ngokupheleleyo iimfuno zokukhusela i-insulation main, i-inter-turn insulation kunye ne-neutral point insulation of the winding.